PHOENIX — While sports news headlines may focus on injuries affecting professional golfers, including Achilles tendon problems, back and ankle issues, most golf injuries are not sudden. They develop over time and are often preventable with proper warm-up, strength and mechanics.
As golfers head to the course, Mayo Clinic sports medicine and orthopedic experts share information about common golf injuries, how to prevent them and when to seek medical care.
“Golf may appear low impact, but the repetitive, rotational nature of the swing places stress on the spine, shoulders, hips and forearms,” says John Tokish, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist at Mayo Clinic in Arizona. “Over time, limited mobility, poor mechanics or lack of strength can lead to overuse injuries, especially early in the season when activity levels increase.”
Common injuries include:
- Low back pain
- Shoulder and rotator cuff injuries
- Elbow injuries, including golfer’s elbow
- Wrist and forearm strain
- Hip and ankle instability
The majority of golf-related injuries are linked to doing too much, too soon or returning to play without proper preparation, Dr. Tokish says. Three key prevention strategies:
- Warm up before every round A dynamic warm-up prepares muscles and joints for the rotational demands of the golf swing.
- Build strength off the course Resistance training improves stability, balance and control. Strengthening the core, shoulders and lower body helps protect joints and supports a more efficient swing. Learn more here.
- Focus on proper mechanics Poor mechanics can increase wear and tear over time.
Golfers experiencing persistent or otherwise concerning symptoms should consult a healthcare professional. Muscle soreness can be expected, especially early in golf season. However, certain symptoms may indicate a more serious issue:
- Pain lasting more than a few days
- Pain that wakes you at night
- Pain that affects your swing or performance
- Sharp or worsening pain with activity
Early evaluation by a sports medicine or orthopedic specialist can help prevent minor issues from becoming more serious injuries. With proper preparation, golf can remain a safe and lifelong sport for players of all ages.
